Python Based Crowd Detection Camera To Prevent Spread Of COVID-19

In this time when COVID-19 is spreading rapidly, it is essential to maintain social distance and avoid large public gatherings at one place to break the chain of corona infection.  But maintaining this is not easy. Many people, knowingly or unknowingly, gather and roam on the streets. Keeping an eye on all these activities is […]

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Time For a Break

Break Timer Software ProgramThis is a computer based Break Timer program to remind you to take regular breaks while working on your desk for good health. Some of us spend at least sixty per cent (if not more) of our day sitting on a chair working on a computer or for some other work. This physical inactivity for […]

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Pin-Type Li-Ion Battery Maintains 80% Capacity after 5000 Cycles

The CT04120 from Murata is a small form factor lithium-ion battery that can support 10C Charging...

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Efficiency Meets Practicality in the NISE 108 Industrial Gateway

Compact and streamlined, the NISE 108 is NEXCOM’s newest industrial gateway. We’ve carefully selected each connectivity component...

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Simple 3D Printed Ventilator To Aid Medical Device Shortage

The simple and cost-effective ventilator project composing of 3D printed parts is a great contribution to reduce the ongoing ventilator shortage amidst the deadly coronavirus pandemic. Thanks to engineers and electronics designers from all over the world, the medical staff involved in combating the deadly outbreak of the COVID-19 are getting much-needed support. A team […]

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LUNA – a USB-hacking multitool

A USB multitool for monitoring, hacking, and developing USB devices (work in progress) This is an...

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Inexpensive and Open-Source Ventilator Developed By MIT Engineers

The rapid increase of infectious disease cases and lack of adequate medical equipment to counter them can put the entire medical infrastructure at standstill. In times like these, it is up to engineers and technicians to come up with innovative solutions and provide extraordinary assistance.    Healthcare workers are very busy people who have to attend […]

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Electronics Projects Based On BC547 Transistor

In this video tutorial, the presenter will be constructing 4 easy and low-cost Electronics Projects based on BC547 Transistor. Courtesy: INDIAN JUGAAD HACKS

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90V to 10V @ 500mA High Voltage DC-DC buck converter

This is a versatile tiny module that provides 10V/500mA from 90V DC input. It is a...

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RS485 Shield For Arduino Nano

Arduino Nano RS485 shield will help you to transmit and receive serial data using the twisted...

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ITEAD Launches a $4 Zigbee CC2531 packet sniffer For USB devices

Itead.cc, the Chinese company known for the array of electronics products like the SONOFF smart switch...

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DFI GHF51 is the smallest AMD Ryzen Embedded R1000 SBC in a RPi Size

DFI, a global leader in the provision of various high-performance computing technology, has released the smallest...

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Dual-Channel Gate Driver for Enhancement Mode GaN Transistors

The uP1966A from uPI Semiconductor is designed to drive both high-side and low-side GaN FETs in...

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What Are The Differences Between Chip, SMD And Trimmable Resistors?

Chip resistors are also known as surface-mount devices or SMD resistors. Chip resistors are manufactured using metal oxides or metal films, and are protected using robust coatings. These are small and mostly available in square or rectangular chip packages. Unlike through-hole-technology (THT) resistor devices, SMD resistors do not have leads. These are mounted directly onto […]

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AI-Powered Robot Teaches Itself To Walk In Short Time

Automation is gradually becoming a part of our everyday life. With new improvements, not just our lives, but the operational quality of automated machines such as robots is becoming enhanced to the extent that they may not require any human mediation at all. Robots are adept in carrying out pretty much any task that a […]

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Smart GPS Geofencing System

Geofencing is one of the greatest technologies of the 21st century. It has a multitude of applications such as car tracking and parcel location tracking. Here is a more exhaustive list of the applications of geofencing Can be used for livestock and other animals to track their movement Can be used to monitor prisoners or […]

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Six less known phenomena that can cause disturbance in electrical installations

In addition to the known phenomena of lightning and switching, numerous new sources, in particular power converters, can cause disturbance in installations. This disturbance, which is generated by the installation... Read more

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Free Elektor Circuit: Cable & Conduit Locator

Apart from the risk of a (dangerous) electric shock and the near certainty of a very...

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Analysis of buck converter efficiency

Tech note from Richtek on buck converter profiling. Link here The synchronous buck circuit is wildly...

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SAM9X60-EK Evaluation Kit is ideal for evaluating SAM9X60 MPU

The SAM9X60-EK Evaluation Kit is ideal for evaluating and prototyping with the high performance, ultra-low power...

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The ArduINA226 power monitor

ArduPicLab published the details on how to build a current, voltage and power datalogger with Arduino...

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MCP4141 based digital potentiometer

Dilshan Jayakody has been working on an open-source hardware project MCP4141 based digital potentiometer, that is...

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Mini ATtiny3217 development breakout board in DIL24

Albert van Dalen writes on avdweb about making a tiny development board in a DIL24 format...

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Make Your Own GSM Security Switch To Prevent Vehicle Theft

This simple GSM security switch project is based on Arduino Nano microcontroller (MCU) and SIM800L GSM modem (Fig. 1). The cellular-based alert system is configured to send an SMS in response to a security switch action. When the security sensor switch input recognises an event, the system sends a customised alert message to a predefined […]

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NVE Introduces Smart I²C TMR Angle Sensor

NVE Corporation expanded its line of angle sensors with the new ASR012-10E Smart I²C TMR Angle...

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VersaLogic Expands its Arm-based Embedded Computer Line with EPC- 2702

VersaLogic Corporation added a new model to its “Swordtail” product family, the latest in their line...

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Analog Devices announces 42V, 15A Synchronous Step-Down regulator Silent Switcher 2

Analog Devices announced the release of a new synchronous step-down regulator, LT8648S, that features second generation...

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STMicroelectronics Introduces Standalone VBUS-Powered Controller for 5V USB-C Charging Applications

The STUSB4500L from STMicroelectronics is a small-footprint addition to the Company’s USB-C controller IC family designed...

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12W AC-DC Power Supply Reference Design Meets All ErP Regulations

A reference design kit (RDK-839) containing a 12W ac-dc power supply for appliances, meters or other...

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Bipolar Power Supply With Adjustable Regulators

LM317T and LM337T ICs are well-known, low-cost adjustable voltage regulators capable of delivering up to 1.5A current output with power dissipation of up to 20W. LM317T produces a positive output voltage, while LM337T produces a negative output voltage. It is useful to have a bipolar power supply with LM317T and LM337T producing symmetrical output power. […]

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Webinar on Webinars: Should You use Webinars for your Business?

  This webinar talks about simple tips on How Technologists & Tech Businesses can use Webinars in a World Locked-down by COVID-19. Get Much Better Marketing RoI To Keep Your Business Alive We explain how your team can efficiently attract the right audience and engage with through webinars Better Lead Performance at Lower Cost To […]

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Corona Fencing System And Contact Traceability Device

COVID-19 is a highly infectious and easily contractable virus that can become extremely hard to control once it begins to spread. Social isolation/distancing is one of the most important and effective steps one can take to break the chain and to keep healthy people from getting infected. If an infected person comes into contact with […]

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Corona Suspect Detection And Alerting System

This is a concept DIY that helps to detect the symptoms of COVID-19, so as to help individuals quarantine themselves and practice social distancing.The DIY works by detecting the basic symptoms of the virus, which are: increased body temperature and shortness of breath. Although it is not necessary that shortness of breath will cause low […]

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Mastering single line and wiring diagrams: MV earth fault protection

This technical article continues the series of articles dedicated to mastering single line and wiring diagrams of medium voltage switchgear. This time, the subject is the principle, and realization of... Read more

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Image Compression Using Discrete Cosine Transform Technique

Compression process in mobile using WhatsAppPresented here is a MATLAB-based program for image compression using discrete cosine transform technique. It works for both coloured and grayscale images. Over the last few years, messaging apps like WhatsApp, Viber and Skype have become increasingly popular. These applications let users send and receive text messages and videos. All of us make extensive use […]

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Different Types of Radio Antennas

An antenna is an electrical device which converts electric power into radio waves, and vice versa. Antennas are essential components of all equipment that uses radio. They are used in systems such as radio broadcasting, broadcast television, two-way radio, communications receivers, radar, cell phones, and satellite communications. Antennas can be classified in various ways. Introduction It is a source or radiator of EM waves, or a […]

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PYBJ10 Series 10 W Isolated DC-DC Converters

CUI’s DC-DC converters are housed in low-profile DIP or SMT packages Outputting up to 10 W of...

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Small, affordable gyroscope for navigating without GPS

Researchers at the University of Michigan say they have developed a small, inexpensive, and highly accurate...

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Selecting The Right Power Supplies for Electronic Devices

A power supply converts AC voltage into regulated DC voltage. Read on to find out how to select the best power supply for an electronic device. A power supply for an electronic equipment is a circuit that converts AC voltage into regulated DC voltage. An electronic device does not normally use electric energy in the […]

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Artificial Intelligence To Help Reduce Crime

India has consistently suffered from a high number of criminal activities and law violations over the years. Official records suggest that 70 per cent of these incidents involve repeat offenders. For the longest time this kind of data remained offline, even when it was spread across different zones and states. Identifying this major challenge law […]

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Artificial Intelligence Redefining Blood Analysis

Taking blood tests is the first step in evaluating and detecting diseases, ranging from viral fever to parasitic illnesses like malaria and dengue, and complicated diseases like blood cancer and HIV. Pathology labs in India are always on their toes because of the high volume of test samples collected daily. Performing morphological and quantitative tests, […]

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AI Development Board For Edge Computing Based on RISC-V

Sipeed, maker of the dev board, aims to promote rapid and effortless creation of IoT and Deep Learning-based DIY projects. Due to a rapid increase in the number of connected devices, the demand for privacy/confidentiality, low latency and bandwidth constraints has compelled AI models to be trained in the cloud and be run at the […]

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Axiomtek’s Industrial ATX Motherboard with 9th/8th Generation Intel® Core™ for High-Density Computing Solutions – IMB520R & IMB521R

Axiomtek – a world-renowned leader relentlessly devoted in the research, development and manufacture of series of...

The post Axiomtek’s Industrial ATX Motherboard with 9th/8th Generation Intel® Core™ for High-Density Computing Solutions – IMB520R & IMB521R appeared first on Electronics-Lab.



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Security IC Solutions For Authentication

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Chai release Open Source Environmental Testing Kit For COVID-19

The CHAI team announced at the Open Hardware Summit that the group would be launching an...

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Kontron 3.5 inch Single Board Computer 3.5”-SBC-WLU with latest Intel® processor technology for demanding IoT applications

Higher WLAN speed thanks to Intel® Integrated Connectivity (CNVi) – available with 8th Gen. Intel® Core™...

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AI and ML Teaches Robots For A Coordinated Human-to-Robot Interaction

Humans and machines behave in very different ways when it comes to doing simple tasks. That does not mean both cannot work together, as proved by the following experiment where a robot learns how to resemble the hand movements of a human when grabbing an object. Automated mechanical system, also referred to as a robot, […]

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Observatory Dome Sliding Door Powered By Arduino

Observatory doors are quite heavy and weigh several kilograms. This requires a strong, automated mechanism to move them. Such was achieved by employing a commonly used DIY board that consumed only a fraction of household power. A dome-shaped observatory housing an optical telescope is often built on a high altitude location, where the surrounding air […]

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High Voltage Regulator – 48V DC Output from 125V DC Input

The project published here is a high-voltage adjustable regulator with an output 48 V DC from...

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Phantom Powered Micro-Phone Pre-Amplifier using SSM2019

The project published here is based on SSM2019 IC which is a latest-generation Pro audio preamplifier....

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750mA Constant Current LED Driver Arduino Nano Shield

This small constant current LED driver Nano shield has been designed using CAT4104 IC from ON...

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TIG Announces Bluetera II Open Source IoT Motion-Based Development Board

Tensor Iotera Group (TIG) has announced its new Bluetera II open source full-stack development board, which according to...

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Electronics Projects: Low-Cost Dusk-Dawn Controller

dusk-dawn controller circuit diagramSolar streetlights can be easily integrated with a dusk-dawn controller by simply employing a pnp transistor and a few resistors where the solar panel itself works as the sensor. But what about other lighting sources that do not employ solar panels such as automatic lighting systems in small wind turbines, automatic lighting in cars or […]

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Garz & Fricke extends product family of single board computers

Garz & Fricke, supplier of hardware and software solutions for industrial IoT from Hamburg, will present...

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NEXCOM Elevates Edge Computing Again with Cutting-edge, ARM-based uCPE

NEXCOM, the leading provider of network communication appliances and uCPE, introduces the NSA 6310, based on...

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Medical Devices That Go Beyond Fitness Trackers And Smart Watches

Google Glass used as wearable medical devicesDemand for medical devices is growing at a fast rate as people become more and more health conscious with increasing government-aided social healthcare schemes and an increasing number of patients moving from hospitals to their homes for nursing and rehabilitation. An autonomous, non-invasive medical device that performs a specific medical function such as monitoring or […]

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BoxBlox’s Open Source Ethernet Switch Offers Five Ports

SwitchBlox is an open-source ethernet switch designed by Josh Elijah, who is the founder of BoxBlox....

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Miromico’s FMLR-6x-x-MA62x, the “World’s Smallest” LoRaWAN Module

Miromico AG has developed a LoRaWAN module with integrated Arm Cortex-M4 microcontroller, which was unveiled at...

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Small, bright, high-contrast: FRAMOS offers new high-resolution OLED microdisplay for AR applications

FRAMOS, a global partner for vision technologies, now offers the new ECX335S microdisplay series from Sony...

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Make This Joystick-Controlled Industrial Automation System

Industrial Automation SystemThis project can be used to control up to four industrial electrical appliances with the help of a joystick and an Arduino Nano board. The block diagram of the joystick-controlled industrial automation system is shown in Fig. 1. The circuit diagram of the joystick-controlled industrial automation system is shown in Fig. 2. It is built […]

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AC and DC facilities in electrical station services of major power plant types

In a power plant, the electrical station services (abbreviated to SS in the following) consists of all the DC facilities from 24 to 220 V and AC facilities up to... Read more

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Smart GSM Based Anti Drunk Car Alert System

Accidents due to drunk driving are a common occurrence in metropolitan cities. Albeit helpful, constructing checkpoints at different locations is a cumbersome job and takes a lot of timing, as does stopping and checking every potential drunk driver. To combat this we have decided to create an automated anti-drunk system that checks if a driver […]

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Self-Calibrating USB Voltage/Current Meter

With a code size of 1KB on an ATtiny13A MCU, this tiny module measures voltages up...

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Methods of Earth Resistance Testing (Part-3)

(3) Two Point (Dead Earth) Method.

  • This method is used where the driving of ground spike is neither practical nor possible
  • To perform this test we have access to a good known ground such as an all metal water pipe. The water pipe should be extensive enough and be metallic throughout without any insulating couplings or flanges.
  • This method is not as accurate as three-point methods (62% method), as it is particularly affected by the distance between the tested electrode and the dead ground or water pipe

Required  Equipment:

  • Earth Tester (4 Terminal or 3 Terminal)
  • 2 No’s of Insulated Wires
  • Hammer

Connections:

  • In This method, the resistance of two electrodes in a series is measured by connecting the P1 and C1 terminals to the ground electrode under test; P2 and C2 connect to a separate all-metallic grounding point like a water pipe or building steel.
  • The earth electrode under test must be far enough away from the secondary grounding point to be outside its sphere of influence.

Testing Procedure:

  • Press START and read out the resistance value. This is the actual value of earthing resistance of the ground electrode under test.
  • Record the reading on the Field Sheet at the appropriate location. If the reading is not stable or displays an error indication, double check the connections.
  • Two terminals testing of earth resistance is appropriate for most general purpose testing in normally conductive soil.
  • Two terminal measurements include less test lead and contact resistance in the measurement and the result will be a reading slightly higher than the true earth resistance.
  • When measured results are higher than desired or if measurement directives require multi terminal techniques, switch to the 3 or 4 terminal techniques as needed.

1

Advantage:

  • It does Not Require Disconnecting Equipment
  • This is the simplest way to obtain a ground resistance reading.
  • It is most effective for quickly testing the connections and conductors between connection points.
  • Required Less Test Lead.
  • Required small area for Measurement.

Disadvantage:

  • This is not as accurate as the three-point method and should only be used as a last resort.
  • Non-metallic (high resistance) return Resistance areas should not overlap.

  (4) Clamp-on test method

  • For the clamp-on method to be effective there must be a complete grounding circuit in place. The tester measures the complete resistance path (loop) that the signal is taking. All elements of the loop are measured in series.
  • The Induced Frequency testing or commonly called the “Clamp-On” test is one of the newest test methods for measuring the resistance-to-ground of a grounding system or electrode.
  • This is Convenient, Quick ,easy and safe Method
  • It does Not Require Disconnecting Equipment

Required equipment:

  • Clamp-on Ground Resistance Meter.
  • 2 No’s of Insulated Wires

Connections setup:

2

Testing Procedure:

  • Press START and read out the resistance value. This is the actual value of earthing resistance of the ground electrode under test.
  • The clamp-on methodology is based on Ohm’s Law (R=V/I).
  • The source coil inside the clamp of the earth tester inducing the voltage. This voltage is inductively applied to a complete circuit .The resulting current flow in the earthing circuit due to the induced voltage is measured by the current coil installed in the same clamp of the earth tester.
  • The resistance of the circuit can then be calculated by taking the ratio of the induced voltage and the circulated current in the earthing circuit.
  • It has to be ensured that the earthing system under test is included in the current circulation loop. The clamp-on earth tester measures the resistance of the path traversed by the induced current.
  • All elements of the loop are measured in series. This method assumes that only the resistance of the earthing system under test contributes significantly.
  • A low return path is required for readings. A high resistance return path will yield high readings.

Advantage

  • There is no need to turn off the equipment power or disconnect the earth rod.
  • Not disconnecting the connections between the earthed body and the metal work of the electrical Earthing Point.
  • Not dangerous to human life because no any DC current injected in Probe.

Disadvantages:

  • If the frequency of AC current injected into the earth by the tester is the same as that of disturbance current in the earth then accuracy of the readings are seriously affected.
  • The mutual inductance between the voltage and current loops of the clamp tester may affect accuracy of the readings.
  • The clamp-on method is only effective in situations with multiple earthing electrodes are in parallel and a closed circuit is available for the current circulation.
  • It cannot be used on isolated grounds, as there is no return path.
  • Measurement of low earth resistance (0.5Ω) is difficult with this method.
  • This method id effective only in situations with multiple grounds in parallel.
  • This method cannot be used on isolated grounds, not applicable for installation checks or commissioning new sites.
  • This method cannot be used if an alternate lower resistance return exists not involving the soil, such as with cellular towers or substations.

 (5) Star Delta Method

  •  If the testing area is so limited that an required spacing cannot be found then it may be necessary to use the Star-Delta Method. Named for the configuration of the test probes and lines of measurement (a graphic of it resembles the familiar symbols for “delta” and “star” windings).
  • This method saves space by employing a tight configuration of three probes around the test ground

Required equipment:

  • Earth Tester (4 Terminal or 3 Terminal)
  • 2 No’s of Insulated Wires
  • Hammer

Connections:

  • The ground electrode under test (E) is connect to C1 Terminal of Tester.
  • Three Potential and current probes (P2, P3 and P4) are placed equidistant from “E” with a 120º angle between them. Separation of potential and current circuits is abandoned, and a series of two-point measurements made between all pairs of probes, and probes to the ground under test.

3

Testing Procedure:

  • Press START and read out the resistance value. This is the actual value of earthing resistance of the ground electrode under test.

Application:

  • Ground systems located in congested urban areas or rocky area where probe positioning is difficult
  • where required probe positioning is difficult

Advantage:

  • Knowledge of electrical center not necessary

Disadvantage:

  • number of calculations required
  • Long distances to test probes is still required;

(6) Slope Method

  •  If soil is non homogeneous Soil Slope Method is useful for earth resistance measurement.

Required equipment:

  • Earth Tester (4 Terminal or 3 Terminal)
  • 4 No’s of Insulated Wires
  • Hammer
  • Measuring Tap

Connections:

  • First, isolate the grounding electrode under measurement by disconnecting it from the rest of the system.
  • The earth electrode under measurement (E) is connected to C1 Terminal of Earth Tester.
  • E is either one of many paralleled rods forming the complex earth system.
  • Insert the current probe C2 at a distance (D) from E (distance D is normally 2 to 3 times the maximum dimension of the system).
  • Insert potential probes P1,P2 and P3 at distances equal to 20% of D, 40% of D and 60% D.

4

 Testing Procedure:

  • Press START and read out the resistance value. This is the actual value of earthing resistance of the ground electrode under test.


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Free Elektor Article: Nixie Bargraph Thermometer

Nixie tubes are always fascinating. Nowadays they are mostly used for clock displays, such as the...

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Beetle – The Smallest Arduino for $7.9

Beetle is one of the smallest Arduino Leonardo board.  It derives its core notion from minimalism...

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25+ Awesome Mini Projects For Engineers

mini projects ideasElectronics projects are always in high demand. Students work on them to improve their skills, whereas hobbyists like the fun in meddling with technology. For professionals, it’s a different ball game altogether. Mini projects form a middle ground for all segments of electronics engineers looking to build. We compiled a list of 20 interesting and […]

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ESP8266 based Coronavirus tracking project

This is an ESP8266 based coronavirus tracking project from “Volkan Unal” on github.com. The tracker can...

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Analysis of Transformer Inrush Current Using Java

nrush current analysis graphPower transformers are essential part of a power system network. A transformer is used at the transmission side to step up the voltage level and at the distribution side to step down the voltage. A thorough knowledge of the transformer’s performance under various operating conditions is fundamental in determining the power system reliability. One of […]

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Inside The Investors’ Mind – How To Get Your Startup Funded!

Funding and fundraising activities are the two major accelerators for budding startups. Experts are of the belief that it is more challenging for electronics and IoT startups to convince angel investors to fund them. What is the reason behind it and how can they turn the tables? In the past decade, we have seen the […]

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How Ferrite Cores Enhance The Quality Of Power

Ferrite cores are used to suppress high-frequency noise and signals on the power supply line. Their effectiveness lies in enhancing power quality. First created in 1930 by Dr Y. Kato and Dr T. Takei, the ferrite core has become one of the most important materials in the electronics industry. The use of the material has […]

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How LEDs Are Transforming The Lighting In Vehicles

LED lighting is emerging as the natural choice in automotive applications due to its inherent energy efficiency and environment-friendliness. It also enables creative lighting designs that enhance the aesthetics of an automobile. A few years back, LEDs were just an innovative idea but now the technology is well entrenched in the automotive lighting space. These […]

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